BMP signaling in cancer stemness and differentiation

Cell Regeneration

Table 1 The BMP family members and their functions in stemness and differentiation of various cancers

BMP members	Cancer type	Phenotype	References
BMP2	Ovarian	Promote growth and stemness	Choi et al. 2015
	Lung	Enhance stemness	Husanie et al. 2022
	Breast	Induce EMT and stemness	Huang et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2018
BMP4	Lung	Promote differentiation	Lee et al. 2014b
	DIPG	Inhibit stemness and growth	Sun et al. 2022
	GBM	Promote differentiation	Savary et al. 2013
BMP5	Colorectal	Inhibit stem cell-like properties, proliferation, migration, invasion	Chen et al. 2018
BMP5	Breast	Reduce stemness	Jin et al. 2022
BMP6	Prostate	Induce differentiation	Lee et al. 2011
BMP6	Medulloblastoma	Induce differentiation	Armandari et al. 2021
BMP7	Colorectal	Antiangiogenic and prodifferentiation	Veschi et al. 2020
BMP7	Glioma	Promote differentiation and reduce stemness	Caja et al. 2018; Tate et al. 2012; Tso et al. 2015
BMP8	Gastric	Reduce differentiation	Wisnieski et al. 2017
BMP9	GBM	Induce differentiation	Porcù et al. 2018
GDF6	Melanoma	Prevent differentiation and cell death, promote tumor growth	Gramann et al. 2019; Venkatesan et al. 2018
AMH	Endometrial	Activate differentiation and inhibit tumor growth	Fortner et al. 2017
BMPR1A	CRC	Inhibit stem cell activation	Kodach et al. 2011
BMPR1B	GSC	Astroglial differentiation in GSCs	Lee et al. 2008
ACVR1A	DIPG	Promote stemness and progenitor cell arrest	Fortin et al. 2020; Hoeman et al. 2019
BMPR2	NSCLC	Increase cell migration and invasiveness	Wu et al. 2022